Toni Morrison and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese :: Biography Biographies Essays

Toni Morrison and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese   In this I essay will be discussing two unique authors, Toni Morrison and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese. Morrison is a Nobel Prize lovable author, and Fox-Genovese, is a history professor at Harvard. Both of these women have interesting perspectives on race and sex. According to the articles I have read, Toni and Fox-Genovese claim the way multitude view women and minorities is wrong.    In a Vibe Magazine interview, Toni claims that In a recent British nanny case, there was complaint about the mother non being home with child...she she should have been home with her children, said some people (Vibe 1998 p.2). Morrison states that it would be an entirely different situation, had the mother been a poor black women. A black women should work, even if that work is taking care of somebady elses children (Vibe 1998). This is a wrong way to look at things we fought a long time to have Women taking care of children underst ood to be work. Now its understood to be something else (Vibe 1998 p.3).     According to Toni, people size up who you are by what you look like, what your name is, and by what you do. However this is only part of who you are. When I was a little girl, a man came up to me and said, are you a Willis? - referring to my mothers maiden name-I thought so, by the way you walk. I moved to New York and people said, What do you do So you say Im a writer..but you thats only part of who you are (Vibe 1998 p.3). Often people wrap their identity in what they do. This loafer be troublesome when your not performing to someones expectations, one might think there is some thing wrong with who they are, which is not true. The same thing applies to gender and race. It is unfair to already have a preconcieved notion about someone without checking him or her out first.    Fox-Genovese claims that many articles of literature exclude certain people. Like Morrison, Fox-Genove se agrees that elect culture denied the values and perceptions of all others and imposed itself as an absolute standard (Fox-Genovese 1998).

To what extent did propaganda influence Nazi consolidation of power 1933-1939? :: World War II History

To what extent did propaganda influence Nazi consolidation of power 1933-1939?The Nazi regime in Germany implemented itself swiftly and effectively - the National Socialists had only trinity Nazis in a cabinet of twelve in January 1933, yet within two months Hitler had consolidated his political power by entirely legal kernel . With this, came the need for support from the German public. For a regime to consolidate its power people could be too afraid to rebel against it, or they could be convinced of the evaluate of the regime, or a combination of both. In the National Socialist era, the latter was used. In the period of 1933-1939, this was achieved by a offspring of methods, notably the use of propaganda, the conglomerate legislative and administrative changes, Hitlers personal charisma, the achievement of economic recovery and the reign of terror. The extent to which each contributed to the consolidation of National Socialist regime is an issue that has remained in discussion , and is to be addressed in this essay. Although the relative importance of factors is in debate, it is certain that propaganda was one of the major causes of consolidation of power. As the historian Ian Kershaw emphasises, It was plain from the beginning that the regime would impound a high priority to the steering of opinion . However, the exact extent that propaganda affected the Nazi consolidation of power is extremely difficult to gauge, for a number of reasons. For instance, although the Nazi film Triumph of the Will by Leni Riefenstahl may have been a success (and regarded as a brilliant achievement in todays film industry), there is no evidence to suggest that the film depicting Nazi strength affected a great deal of people. For instance, many Germans felt the film was too recollective and was extremely repetitive. In addition, market research was non-existent, and there were very few non-Gestapo polls to analyse the success of this enormous propaganda campaign, which was conducted primarily by one man. Joseph Goebbels, quash propagandist of the Nazi regime was seen as man who represented the propaganda campaign. As he said himself on 25th March 1933 The Ministry has the task of achieving a militarization of mind and spirit in Germany. It was Goebbels that created the Hitler myth - which portrayed an image of the Messiah-like figure and a man who was the saviour of Germany, in line with the publicising of the economy and so forth.

Influenza Essay -- essays research papers

Ininfluenzaenza Influenza, normally called the flu, the influenza virus causes an infection in the respiration tract. Even though the influenza virus send packing sometimes be compared with the common cold. It also can cause a more severe illness or death. During this past century, pandemics took place in 1918, 1957, and 1968, in all of these cases there where unfortunately many deaths. The Spanish flu in 1918, killed approximately half a million people in the United States alone. It killed around 20 million worldwide. The Asian flu in 1957, in the United States their 70,000 people died. In 1968 the Hong-Kong flu There where 34,000 deaths in the United States. The emergence of the Hong-Kong flu marked the beginning of the of the strand type A (H3N2) era Different strands of the same virus caused all these outbreaks of influenza. When this virus first emerged. It was associated with fewer deaths than caused by the devil previous pandemic viruses that I mentioned. There are a few r easons for the hemagglutinin changed from the Asian flu strain. The neuraminidase stayed the same. Well the only explanation would be that people impact with the A (H2N2) strain (Asian flu), Built up immunity to the Hong-Kong flu. The influenza virus depending on the severity usually includes fever (around deoxycytidine monophosphate F to 103 F), cough, sore throat, headache, stuffy and running nose, muscle soreness and fatigue....

Moral Implications of the Battered Woman Syndrome Essay -- Domestic Vi

honorable Implications of the Battered Woman SyndromeThe Battered Woman Syndrome, like the rhythm Theory of Violence, helps to illuminate the situation of the person victimized by home(prenominal) hysteria. However, it may as well as contribute to the violence of the battering situation. In this paper, I look for some of the implications of the Battered Woman Syndrome for domestic violence cases wherein an abused fair sex kills her abuser. I beat by delineating some of the circumstances of a domestic violence situation. I then discuss the particular honourable issue of subjectivity or moral personhood involved in instances wherein a woman victimized by domestic violence responds by killing her batterer. Finally, I argue that the Battered Woman Syndrome and analogous alternatives to or qualifications of self-defense are problematic because they strip a woman of her moral subjectivity. I conclude with a brief articulation of a marriage proposal for reform of the criminal jus tice system specifically aimed at cases wherein there has been a long history of abuse or violence. This reform is unique because it does non rely on a separate standard of insight particular to battered women, but arises out of consideration of the moral implications of legal proceedings involving domestic violence. IntroductionThe case of battered women who kill raises some provoke questions regarding the criminal justice systems ability to respond to domestic violence. The Battered Woman Syndrome, like the oscillation Theory of Violence, helps to illuminate the situation of the battered woman, why she does not just leave the relationship, and why some domestic violence relationships end in the termination of the batterer. However, it may also contribute to the violence of domestic viol... ...77), pp. 113-118.(10) follow through Charles Ewing, esp. Chapter 4.(11) Walker, p. 143.(12) See Cynthia Gillespie, Justifiable Homicide (Columbus, OH Ohio State University Press, 1989) .(13) This applies to cases where ready threat of danger is not present. For instance, if a woman kills her batterer while he is asleep then there is utter to be no immediate threat of lethal harm. If, however, the batterer is killed in the battering incident, then immediate threat of lethal harm is present and the standard grounds of self-defense should apply. However, there are numerous cases of the latter and the woman was nonetheless found inculpatory of some form of murder or manslaughter. See Ewing, Chapter 4.(14) Ewing, p. 79.(15) Ann Jones, A Little Knowledge in Take Back the Night edited by Laura Lederer (New York William Morrow and Co., 1980), p. 182-183. Moral Implications of the Battered Woman Syndrome Essay -- Domestic ViMoral Implications of the Battered Woman SyndromeThe Battered Woman Syndrome, like the Cycle Theory of Violence, helps to illuminate the situation of the person victimized by domestic violence. However, it may also contribute to the violence of the battering situation. In this paper, I explore some of the implications of the Battered Woman Syndrome for domestic violence cases wherein an abused woman kills her abuser. I begin by delineating some of the circumstances of a domestic violence situation. I then discuss the particular moral issue of subjectivity or moral personhood involved in instances wherein a woman victimized by domestic violence responds by killing her batterer. Finally, I argue that the Battered Woman Syndrome and similar alternatives to or qualifications of self-defense are problematic because they strip a woman of her moral subjectivity. I conclude with a brief articulation of a proposal for reform of the criminal justice system specifically aimed at cases wherein there has been a long history of abuse or violence. This reform is unique because it does not rely on a separate standard of reasonableness particular to battered women, but arises out of consideration of the moral implications of le gal proceedings involving domestic violence. IntroductionThe case of battered women who kill raises some interesting questions regarding the criminal justice systems ability to respond to domestic violence. The Battered Woman Syndrome, like the Cycle Theory of Violence, helps to illuminate the situation of the battered woman, why she does not just leave the relationship, and why some domestic violence relationships end in the death of the batterer. However, it may also contribute to the violence of domestic viol... ...77), pp. 113-118.(10) See Charles Ewing, esp. Chapter 4.(11) Walker, p. 143.(12) See Cynthia Gillespie, Justifiable Homicide (Columbus, OH Ohio State University Press, 1989).(13) This applies to cases where immediate threat of danger is not present. For instance, if a woman kills her batterer while he is asleep then there is said to be no immediate threat of lethal harm. If, however, the batterer is killed in the battering incident, then immediate threat of lethal har m is present and the standard understanding of self-defense should apply. However, there are numerous cases of the latter and the woman was nonetheless found guilty of some form of murder or manslaughter. See Ewing, Chapter 4.(14) Ewing, p. 79.(15) Ann Jones, A Little Knowledge in Take Back the Night edited by Laura Lederer (New York William Morrow and Co., 1980), p. 182-183.

Slaughter House-Five by Kurt Vonnegut :: essays research papers

Slaughter House-Five by Kurt Vonnegut Slaughter house-Five, written by Kurt Vonnegut is a post modern unused, attempting to undermine the readers expectations. The novel does not have smooth transitions from i event to the next. The reason is, because the novel reflects modern servicemans bread and butter. Since the novel is not smooth it is confusing. This is just like modern mans life, confusing. Another literary device is, it is difficult to follow. When the novel is hard to read the reader cannot enjoy and understand the book. This is how modern society is too(difficult to follow). Another literary device is the novels characters lack depth. The characters need more descriptive details. This reflects man by saying that man lacks depth and is not well rounded. The book undermines the novels conventional approach. These are some reasons for the undermining of the readers expectations.The novel does not have smooth transitions from one event to the next one. "Billy blinked in 1958, traveled in time to 1961." After a chapter, "Billy Pilgrim nestled like a spoon with the can on Christmas night, and he fell asleep, and he traveled in time to 1967. When Billy is in 1958, he is busy talking about World state of war Two. Then suddenly he travels through time to 1967 and he ends up being kidnaped by aliens from Tralfamadore. So when the story changes, the readers mind has to adjust to the changes. The events just tonic up all of a sudden. Modern man always has surprises in life that just pop up just like this novel. In life there is usually no smooth adjustments. It is abrupt and sudden. Billy Pilgrim(protagonist) travels through time in an awkward chronological order. In life people do not adapt to different situations without any problem. In this book, shifting from one situation to another is meant to be poor. The book is difficult to follow. It has many small stories in it. Pilgrim is in World War Two and then he ends up being with aliens from Tralfadamore. Some of these topics are hard to travail. This symbolizes modern life since it is difficult to comprehend the understandings of life. For example, Roland Weary is one of Billys war companions. He kept beating the living daylights out of Billy. The novel mentions that Weary treat Pilgrim like this to discipline him, but he over does it. Is it, because Weary is a psychopath or has something

Slaughter House-Five by Kurt Vonnegut :: essays research papers

Slaughter House-Five by Kurt Vonnegut Slaughter house-Five, written by Kurt Vonnegut is a post modern bracing, attempting to undermine the readers expectations. The novel does not have smooth transitions from one event to the next. The reason is, because the novel reflects modern mans life. Since the novel is not smooth it is confusing. This is meet the like modern mans life, confusing. Another literary device is, it is difficult to follow. When the novel is hard to read the reader cannot enjoy and understand the book. This is how modern society is too(difficult to follow). Another literary device is the novels characters lack depth. The characters need more descriptive details. This reflects man by saying that man lacks depth and is not well rounded. The book undermines the novels conventional approach. These are some reasons for the undermining of the readers expectations.The novel does not have smooth transitions from one event to the next one. "Billy blinked in 1958, tr aveled in time to 1961." After a chapter, "Billy Pilgrim nestled like a spoon with the hobo on Christmas night, and he fell asleep, and he traveled in time to 1967. When Billy is in 1958, he is busy talking about World War Two. Then suddenly he travels through time to 1967 and he ends up being kidnaped by aliens from Tralfamadore. So when the story changes, the readers mind has to adjust to the changes. The events just pop up all of a sudden. Modern man always has surprises in life that just pop up just like this novel. In life there is usually no smooth adjustments. It is abrupt and sudden. Billy Pilgrim(protagonist) travels through time in an awkward chronological order. In life people do not adapt to different situations without any problem. In this book, shifting from one situation to some other is meant to be poor. The book is difficult to follow. It has many small stories in it. Pilgrim is in World War Two and then he ends up being with aliens from Tralfadamore. appr oximately of these topics are hard to comprehend. This symbolizes modern life since it is difficult to comprehend the understandings of life. For example, Roland Weary is one of Billys war companions. He kept beating the living daylights out of Billy. The novel mentions that Weary treat Pilgrim like this to discipline him, but he over does it. Is it, because Weary is a psychopath or has something

Regulatory Agency Essay

The role and responsibility of the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), closely importantly, is to uphold the laws dictated by the government concerning products that include drugs, medical products, food, and non- health related products and to protect and promote general health across the country. This essay focuses on several(prenominal) aspects of the FDA, from the role of the agency and its effect on health care in the United States, to the authority this agency carries in relation to health care.There leave also be an explanation of how the FDA carries out these responsibilities on a day-to-day basis. The FDA has held a strong presence in the realm of public health since 1848 when it began as a consumer protection agency (FDA, 2013). The FDA, formed after the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act was put in place and inspired by the scientific work of Harvey Washington Wiley, who was the Chief Chemist at the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Wiley worked to eliminate the dangerous practices of marketing unregulated drugs and food products to consumers (FDA, 2013).Since that time, the FDA has become a powerful force, monitor and working to protect public health in the United States. FDA Role The FDA is an agency that kit and boodle within the Department of Health and Human Services. The Office of the Commissioner takes the lapse role with four other branches that manage other functions (FDA, 2013). The Office of the Commissioner takes leadership of the agencys scientific activities, communication, legislative liaison, policy and planning, womens and minority health initiatives, agency operations, and toxicological research (FDA, 2013).The four groups that work under the Office of the Commissioner are the Office of Foods, the Office of Global Regulatory Operations and Policy, the Office of medical examination Products and Tobacco, and the Office of Operations. The function of these five entities of the FDA is to protect and promote public health in the U. S . and to uphold the laws dictated by the government regarding public health. This is accomplished through with(predicate) close supervise and testing of regulated products used by U. S. consumers.These products consist of drugs, food, cosmetics, radiation-emitting products, vaccines and other biologics, veterinary drugs and products, and tobacco products (FDA, 2013). The FDA is also constantly looking for ways to hand public health by assisting other organizations to make practice of medicines safe and more effective (FDA, 2013). Not only does the FDA monitor the food supply coming into the U. S. to fancy its safety but also plays a role in counterterrorism efforts by developing products and medications to respond to a public health threat (FDA, 2013).Issuing and enforcing admonishment labels for drugs and other products is another function in the role of the FDA. The labels serve to educate the public and medical professionals on the use and hazards of using a specific medica tion or product. However, these labels do not always have the desired effect. Impact on Health Care The efforts of the FDA throughout its history, has created a much safer consumer environment as it relates to food products, cosmetics, and other non-medical items.Foods are carefully scrutinized before they are all in allowed on the market to ensure these products are safe for the public to consume. Strict guidelines are in place for all types of products that are available to consumers. However, there is some controversy concerning warning labels on prescription drugs. There have been recent reports that communications by the FDA regarding drug risks are not immediately effective (Hitt, 2012). It is the duty of the FDA to monitor and enforce warnings for prescription drugs involving the safety risks to public health.According to Emma Hitt, some of the warnings that recommended increased monitoring of a patient while taking a prescription drug or increase laboratory monitoring gener ally caused a decrease in the use of the drug and very low increases in monitoring (Hitt, 2012). These types of oversights in clinical practice likely cause adverse effects to patients by not heeding the proper warnings set forth by the FDA. This is just a minute area in which the FDA shock absorbers health care.Just as the FDA is responsible for monitoring drugs, products, and foods, their communications to health care tryrs and consumers must also be taken seriously. As Hitt states, as the goals of risk communication are to minimize potential harms, understanding the impact of an FDA communications intended (and unintended) consequences on patient health outcomes should be a priority (Hitt, 2012). Duties of the FDA The FDA carries an enormous responsibility daily to monitor, investigate, and enforce the safety of the public in general.As discussed earlier, this includes products and medications used by consumers daily. There are times when the legislations and guidelines set fo rth by the FDA on specific products are not followed and frankincense the FDA must follow up with inspections, enforce abidance, and conduct criminal investigations (FDA, 2013). The Office of Regulatory Affairs (ORA) is the lead office in this function of the FDA. It is the duty of the ORA to campaign out investigations if a breach in regulation is suspected.Once a questionable observation is made by an investigator of the ORA, a form authorise Form 483 is filled out by the investigator (FDA, 2013). On this form, the investigator cites what the law or regulation is and proceeds to list the questionable conditions and what law or regulation is violated. These 483 forms are maintained and revisited periodically. Some of the areas investigated are biologics, drugs, human tissue for transplantation, foods, and radiological health, to name a few. This is a major function of the FDA to ensure compliance to laws and regulations. Regulatory AuthorityThe FDA has regulatory authority provi ded in the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C) passed by Congress in 1983. The creation of this legislation was driven by an incident where more than 100 patients died due to improperly prepared sulfanilamide medications. It replaced the earlier Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 (FDA, 2013). The agency has authority to mandate hinderance actions for food facilities to ensure food safety. They also have the power to conduct compliance inspections on facilities the scope of which include access to records and testing by accepted laboratories.The FDA also has several responses it grass take to enforce compliance and ensure safety of consumers. It can enforce a mandatory recall of a product, and it can suspend the registration of a facility if it is determined to pose a threat of serious health consequences or the threat of death to humanity or animals (FDA, 2013). Accreditation, Certification, and Authorization The FDAs Center for Drug Evaluation and Research is the division o f the agency charged with the evaluation and approval of any drug prior to its cede on the market.There are three phases in this certification and approval function. The research phase is conducted during the manufacture of a drug, along with the testing, then sent to a review board for recommendation (Writing, 2013). Once the recommendation is given, the drug can move to the second phase, the pre-clinical trials. Here the drug is tested on small groups of humans while measuring interactions and its effectiveness. Once this phase is complete with no adverse issues, the third phase can take place.This is a Phase 2 clinical trial that allows researchers to see if the drug works on a specific illness on patients and allows scientists to determine any side effects that may communicate (Writing, 2013). The clinical phases are monitored closely, while working directly with patients to ensure that the testing remain within the standards of medical ethics. Once all of the trials are comp lete and all recommendations have been given, all of the results are analyzed and only then can be submitted to the FDA for approval to be sold on the market (Writing, 2013).The accreditation and approval process for all products that must be in compliance with FDA guidelines is a rigorous process but necessary for the common good. Conclusion The FDA carries so many responsibilities to provide high quality medications, foods, cosmetics, and many other products. The laws and regulations are complex and detailed. So much, in fact, most people are not aware when a regulation or guideline is being violated. The resources available to research the FDA and their functions and laws are many and well worth the time to gain education on how this enormous entity works to protect and promote public health and safety.

Callicles’ Ultimate Goal: The Fulfillment of All Human Desires Essay

Each and every person has his own idea of what the level-headed action is. For some, it is simply having enough of the basic necessities of life such as food and clothing to sustain themselves for everyday life. For new(prenominal)s, it can be the acquirework forcet of to a greater extent riches and wealth. Others see the good life as living as wise, good, or right men. In spite having these different ideas of what the good life is, it rest true for any people that in order to live this, they must be able to fulfill all their admits and desires. In other words, they need to find contentment.A person can say he lives the good life when he has everything he wants non just in a real sense, scarce also in the mental, emotional and spiritual senses. When all these are satisfied, the last goal of bliss (which is basically the good life itself) is reached. In Platos Gorgias, the good life and the concepts of desire and happiness are discussed by the characters of Socrates and Ca llicles. As Callicles discusses in the following passage, he reveals his idea to the highest degree how the full expression of desires is the net goal of the good life Human happiness is incompatible with enslavement to any matchless.What nature approves and sanctions, on the other handIm going to chat bluntly to you now-is this the only authentic way of life is to do nothing to hinder or restrain the expansion of ones desires, until they can grow no larger, at which point one should be capable of putting courage and cleverness at their service and satisfying every passing whim. Now, I dont think most people can do this, and thats why they condemn those who can theyre ashamed, and they try to disguise their emitings by claiming that self mildness is contemptible, which, as I explained earlier, is an attempt to enslave those who are break-dance than them.And why do they praise self discipline and justice? Because their own timidity makes them incompetent of winning triumph for their pleasures The first part of his statement discusses how mans goal must always be his happiness. His desires can never be suppressed, that his sharpen must always be on his main goal, which is to achieve everything he has set his heart upon having. When the time comes that he reaches this pointthe maximum levelthose that he desires after (though not necessarily all) will be easier to acquire. The phrase passing whims are like short goals.When one has achieved the ultimate or long-term goal, it seems that the short-term ones become much easier to achieve. However, Callicles believes that not all people are capable of achieving their ultimate goals. The force themselves to make to with their short-term ones, but fulfilling these never seem to be enough, which is why they condemn those who can. People who fail to reach their goals say that putting forward ones own pleasures and gratifications is contemptible. They pretend that they do not need to fulfill their own desires becau se it is rather unacceptable behavior.It is selfish and unpleasant to place oneself as the first priority. But deep down, there is resentment about his failures. He puts on a show that he is virtuous and unselfishanother way, in truth, of gratifying oneself. This becomes a way of attempting to enslave those who are better than them. Because they make it seem like they are the virtuous ones, they make the successful men look like the self-seeking ones. They condemn the achievers to reputations of being self-indulgent and atrocious of respect or power because they chose to put themselves first, above all else.Secretly wishing to in the achievers position, the failed men try to redeem themselves and their prides by making themselves see virtuous. They make it seem that they did not reach their mains goals not because of deficiencies or weaknesses, but rather because they have self-discipline and believe in equality amongst all men that no one should rise above the others, that they r emained equal and that they wanted to be fair to all. They force to turn their weaknesses and shortcomings into acts of nobility.If they cannot achieve their main goals, they prefer to find satisfaction elsewhere, even if their means are not of the right way. This way of thinking becomes the explanation for why self-discipline becomes the goal of those who cant have what they unfeignedly desire. Self-discipline, firstly, as mentioned earlier, is a means of redeeming oneself. This is the failures way of getting satisfaction. Even though it is not as pleasurable a feeling as achieving ones ultimate goal, they compensate for it by getting to experience parts of it.Secondly, self-discipline is a means of controlling oneself to not desire any other things, or at least things that are difficult to attain. Their continuous disappointments spur them to set realistic goals for themselvesgoals that match their capabilities. They make do with what they have as not to fail as much anymore. Thi s is not to say that they find a different ultimate goal. They still seek to attain the good life and happiness, but they set their criteria for it in lower standards that they can reach.They seek new desires to fulfill, as these are the things which lead to the good life. Man has always been a desiring creature, always on the lookout for a better state in life. There are few who can say truthfully that they have achieved the highest end. This is because most men fail to complete all their desires. The full expression of mans desires is the ultimate goal of the good life. A person who believes himself to be living the good life does not need or want anything else to make it even better. In other words, he is at his peak, at the maximum level of happiness and pleasure.Every single thing that man desires is for his own good. He does not desire anything that will cause him harm or discomfort. Man desires for one agreement and one reason alone to be capable. When he is truly intellec tual, there is no more need for desiring anything. Even the simplest desire of wanting to be happy (in a general sense) is enough to show that there is something missing. Contentment does not go hand-in-hand with desire. A contented man feels that he is complete and every font of his life has fallen properly into place.Every person has in himself a list of goals that he aims to achieve. As he grows older, these goals are slowly achieved, but then, more and more desires are also added to the list. Because of this, more often than not, man fails to live his ideal good life. Men, however, who set limits for their desires and know which ones they can achieve, try their dress hat to achieve this, and when they do, they become contented. In a different perspective in Gorgias, the character of Socrates refutes Callicles statement of what the ultimate goal of man is.According to Socrates, and Plato himself, as well, the ultimate human goal is represented by virtue (defined as the highest goodand the abstract sum total of all more specific instances of good), and is attain by dint of a proper combination of fitness, temperance, justice, and the other arts (Gorgias Important Terms). Socrates sees pure goodness as the ultimate goal. Callicles, on the other hand, sees the fulfillment of all desires as the ultimate goal, because the desire of wanting to be good and wanting to be virtuous is present.This want is something that is aimed to be achieved, and if this want to be good and virtuous is not achieved, there will be no contentmenttherefore, the ultimate goal cannot be reached. To be living the good life, for Callicles, is to be happy. To be happy is to be able to fulfill all that one desires. When needs and wants are fulfilled, man becomes content. Those who cannot attain all their needs and wants succumb to self-discipline wherein they redeem themselves through achieving less ambitious but more realistic goals, and they control their goals to match their capabili ties.Everything man desires, he desires for his own good. It has always been mans nature to consider what is beneficial to him, and will always be that way. These desires are all aimed towards one goal the good life. When man has reached the point wherein he desires no more, he has reached his ultimate goal. Work Cited Gorgias Important Terms. 2009. SparkNotes. 27 April 2009.

Difficult Transition Essay

Q1.Identify different several concepts and characteristics from the field of organisational behaviour that this case illustrates.The organizational Behaviour between the two smasheds were in truth different and identifiable. Tony Stark started wee-weeings at OGrady and things had been great there. The firm do sure that people who worked there, their personal goals be met and broadened their perspective towards work thereafter. OGrady was a decentralized firm giving everybody a chance to grow and feel like a small-arm of the firm as their opinion would be incorporated while the managers did decision making. The surroundings were very friendly and socially psychological. There was a lot of emancipation given to the workers in terms of the work they did. The firm practiced managing workforce diversity. Tony Stark had a sense of job merriment and would ingest continued working(a) there if the firm did not shut down.Now if we look on to the firm that Tony Stark had to take up af ter the closure of OGrady was the Reece Enterprise. This firm had an entirely different mien of operation. There was reward based on how long they had been there and played the politics. Top managers only were concerned about the work being complete and not how it was done or who did a good job. Even though Reece was a some(prenominal) to a greater extent organized and structured organization, it dumb failed to be practicing a decentralisation. There was a requirement of three signatures from the higher authority without which any decision making would not have proceeded and therefore made the entire process really slow as reaching the top managers wasnt easily accessible and interoffice memos had very low priority. The environment among the workers wasnt very pleasing either. They did not accept anyone new which was appointed at the same stature. This not only was ignorant but also very demeaning.Tony Stark regretted accept the offer without researching about the firm.Q2.what ad vice can you give tony? How would this advice be supported or tempered by behavioral concepts and processes?Tony Stark could look for another job and maybe this time research about the company and then join it or he could make a difference in the firm he was working and bring about a win over. Changing working situations in such a huge firm is very difficult but its not impossible. He probably is not the only one facing the problem. There qualification be a hardly a(prenominal) others and would join him to back up him take the decision of change. This change could be bought about by effectively talking to the high authority. Letting them know that people dont have a job satisfaction nor are they excited about the work, which would eventually allure to the downfall of the firm and further shut down. This could be avoided if decision making was made more cost-efficient and incorporative. If there was an introduction to a suggestion box or if any other form of easy communication with higher authority, making the work more target attached.Q3. Is it possible to find an ideal place to work? Explain.It is not easy to find an ideal work place or maybe possible. You have to make a place ideal according to your goals and perspective. The definition of ideal will vary from person to person. It may mean friendly environment for psyche and work oriented for the other. It may be too philosophical but thats how human behaviour works. Its unpredictable. It will vary from person to person.Humanized RobotsQ1.How successful do you think helen bowers new plan will be ?Helen Bower was a young lady who had a very different right smart of running the business as compared to her father from whom she inherited it. She was a very business oriented woman. She knew where she wanted her company to be in the next few years. She knew her competitors and was aware of the market conditions.The problems that came along with the way she handled business was workersnot being satisfied o r involved in the process. She treated them like hired help or rather as machines, who were paid to work for her. She paid them average profitss and expected them to work to their full capacity and produce as much as they could. She didnt think of herself as a leader but as a boss. She was interested in the advance and not sharing the profit among the workers who made her earn that profit.This sort of behaviour led to marginal changes in production and the growth of the corporation. To understand the reason as to why the company wasnt growing enough she hired a adviser. He carefully researched the organization and recommended to go back to his fathers way of supervision which she thought was humanistic nonsense.She took steps that she thought were the best for the company from her point of view and announced a 10 percent cut for those who failed to increase their productivity. She did not realise that this would worsen the condition. Workers might start a protest or even worse q uit.Worker satisfaction should be the utmost priority of any company or firm.Q2.What challenges does helen look?Helen was a very straight forward person. She knew what she was doing and knew what steps would help her company grow. She never treated the people working for her as humans. Since she was paying them the average wage she thought she was doing more than enough for them. But she had to realise that at the end of the day they also had some desires to fulfil and a family back home. They needed to be paid more than average and treated more than as merely machines.Her behaviour towards workers led to problems. She had to face challenges like keeping them motivated to work, reach the target, bear on in the competitive market.Q3. If you were helens consultant, what would you advice her to do?If I was Helens consultant I would have advised her to change the way she approaches her target. She has to not only decoct on the global market but also the work thats being conducted in her business. She needs to built a more systematic way of functioning in which workers also have a say. They need to be heard and given a choice to voice their opinion. It should be like how the presidential term works- Democratically. Being like Hitler would only help you keep power in your hands but not earn respect from people.As a consultant I would also advise her to be like her father just as the consultant in the case study does. Maybe that path would lead to a slow growth of the company but it will be an everlasting growth. A growth with very strong pillars.Also being a businesswoman and always thinking about workers well being would also lead to too much pampering of the workers. They should be handled with a lot of attention. They need to be focused on the targets and help you reach the productivity with low cost. They should be understanding enough.

Cultural Similarities and Differences

The Indian culture has unalike languages, which include Hindi, Bengali, and Urdu. The offici aloney recognized language is Hindi with opposite local languages not recognized by the central government. Texans offici exclusivelyy use American incline with various variations and accents. Australian languages Include Australian slang, Indigenous Australian languages, and variations of Australian English (Dally, 1998). Nigeria has over 50 indigenous languages with precise many local dialects. The predominant languages are Your, Bio, Afro -Asiatic and Kanji. The official language is English ND Is used across all states to unite the people.Except India, the other three countries share a salary language (I. E. English) though It has small variations In accent and pronunciation. Family Systems Indians declare close personal ties with their families including the increase family members. Family relationships are hierarchical and the father is the patriarchal leader of the family. All mem bers have mutual obligations to their families and they wield deep rooted trust among all relatives (Maker, 2008). Nigerian maintain an extended family system with relationships guided by hierarchy and longevity.Individuals are obliged to give the extended family members financial assistance and guidance (Coelenterates. N. D). The American family unit Is thermonuclear with the extended family living away from it. Individualism is highly practiced. The family set ups across the four countries recognizes the father as the head of the family. The role of extended family members is emphasized in Nigerian and Indian cultures where people recognize the senior members of the society. Australian and Texan cultures emphasize individualism and the societies generate highly independent people. Behavioral NormsIn India, greetings follow seniority with the most senior person being greeted startle. Though shaking hands Is common, men seldom shake hands with women because of religious beliefs and It Is mandatory to bid individually person farewell Individually when leaving a group. In Nigeria, shaking hands is the most common form of greeting. Men 1 OFF other persons well being. Direct eye contact is avoided when meeting with older and senior members of the society and as a sign of respect one is expected to bow. Nigerian place importance to professional titles and surnames. In Texas greetings are casual, a handshake, a smile, and a hello are enough.Men use only handshakes hardly women and children may constrict and shake hands even in formal settings. Introductions are very important before any communication. It is considered rude to call senior persons by their first name. Men are supposed to be polite to ladies, they pull chairs and open doors for them and ladies are expected to say a polite thank you in fork up (Celebrities, 2012). Australian forms of greetings are informal and brief shaking hands is common in formal setups. Ladies generally do not greet each oth er. Australians maintain good relationships with all people as they are down to earth ND modest.Religion India is a secular state with a lot of religious diversity. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jansenism, and schism are practiced by most of the people. Christianity is practiced by a minority. Texas has a wide range of religious diversity with Christianity being practiced by the majority. Adherence levels are very high and individual religious beliefs are tolerated. Religious diversity in Nigeria is great with Christianity and Islam being practiced by the majority. natural religions that believe in deities, spirits, and ancestral worship are spread throughout the country. The country constitution remunerates freedom of worship.Majority of Australians are Christians with Islam being practiced by a few. Traditional aborigine religious cultures are practiced by a few aborigines as the others have converted to Christianity. The country laws are tolerant to different religious beliefs. Across th e four countries, religion influences the culture of the people with Christianity, Salamis, Hinduism, and Judaism being recognized and accepted by the societies. Freedom of worship is allowed by their respective constitutions but in Nigeria emergence of radical Salamis has affected he culture of the societies living in the affected areas. task Etiquette There are various ways in which transmission line is approached in various societies. In Indian society, it is customary for all sides to personally know each other before any business transaction scratch place. Business meetings are planned by appointments and punctuality is kept as a sign of mutual respect. Negotiations are non confrontational and the final decision is do by the person with the most authority. Decision making is slow and informal and successful negotiations are concluded by a word of mouth and keep over a meal. Formal dressing during meetings is expected and shows respect.In the Nigerian culture, developing a p ersonal relationship is essential before any business transaction. Business is conducted in a formal setup and decision making involves all the stakeholders. Nigerian are overly suspicious and proceed with business cautiously. Punctuality for meetings is very important to Texans and it is a sign of disrespect to be late. There is little emphasis on small talk and business is conducted rapidly. To conduct business, an appointment is required in Australia. Business is conducted rapidly in a relaxed environment. Personal relationships and show of emotion is not important in their business transactions.Conclusion The culture across all the four countries is steeped with differences and similarities continually changing with advent of globalization and information technology. The family and religious inclinations of these societies fundamentally influences their behavior, norms, and way of thinking. The cultures have inherent mechanisms of maintaining their way of life. In all the cultu res, young members are expected to respect their elders and this maintains social order. Though fundamentally different, arioso cultures have a lot to teach and are universally almost the same.

Filipino Mental Health Culture Paper

Introduction Culture comprises of sh ard tactile sensations values, and practices that guide a groups members in copy ways of thinking and acting. Culture can also be viewed as a blueprint for guiding actions that impact care, wellspringness, and well-being (Leininger & McFarland, 2006). Culture is more than ethnicity and complaisant norms it includes religious, geographic, socio-economic, occupational, ability-or disability-related, and sexual orientation-related pictures and behaviors. Each group has cultural beliefs, values, and practices that guide its members in ways of thinking and acting. cultural norms help members of the group wanton away sense of the world around them and make decisions about appropriate ways to relate and behave. Beca utilize cultural norms prescribe what is normal and abnormal, culture helps develop concepts of cordial health and indisposition (Varcarolis & Halter, 2010). Discussed further will be the mental health of Filipino Americans as well a s mental health information from The Philippines. Mental Health Needs A strong belief that spirits are a cause of physical and mental illness is prevalent throughout the Western Pacific Region, including the Philippines.The strong influence of religion on the Filipino people has however, generated a strong and positive sense of spirituality, which is considered a source of strength in the individual. Since this spirituality is actively acknowledged and practiced in communities, it is recognized as a major coping mechanism in snips of social deprivation and disadvantage, crises, political upheavals, and natural and man- run Head Philippine psychological HEALTH CULTURE PAPER 3 made disasters.Psychosocial intervention programs during these times often integrate a psycho-spiritual approach. It is though that the rate of successful self-annihilation is low because taking ones life is considered a sin (Conde, 2004). Family Support The family is the basic unit of society. It is still considered to be very important and there is active consciousness in the majority of Filipinos to preserve this despite the many social conditions that threaten its structure and the roles within it.While the nuclear family is evolving in the rapidly expanding urban areas, extended families are still prevalent. Families are clos-knit and influenced by tradition. Major decisions are not made unless parents are consulted and have given their approval. Family support is crucial as a basis of community support in times of need (Conde, 2004). Mental illness is dealt with through the help of family and friends and faith in God. Ones mental trouble is identified as the familys illness and is associated with shame and stigma.The open display of emotional affliction is discouraged in favor of social harmony. Assistance is often desire from relatives and peers before approaching professionals. Decisions, including health care practices and preferences, advance directives, and consent for procedures and treatment, are commonly made in consultation with the family (Sanchez & Gaw, 2007). Some families view children with mental illness as bringers of good luck. Filipinos willingly interact with persons with mental illness, but they may not accept them as cohabitants or employees.The rejection is based on the belief that persons with mental affliction are Running Head FILIPINO MENTAL HEALTH CULTURE PAPER 4 dangerously unpredictable. Filipinos world-widely unconditionally surrender time and vocation to accept and care for their disabled family members (Sanchez & Gaw, 2007). Access to Mental Health Care Among Asian American ethnic groups, Filipinos have the second largest way (behind their peers of Chinese ancestry) within the total Asian American Pacific Islander population of approximately 10 million people (U.S. Census Bureau, 2002). Although Filipino Americans are generally categorized within the aggregated Asian American group, Asian Americans are not a homogenous group with discover to mental health status. In a study comparing Asian ethnic groups and Asian-specifically Filipino Americans have been found to have one of the highest levels of depressive symptoms of all Asian ethnic groups in the United States, second only to Korean Americans. Although the need for psychiatric treatment exists, Filipino Americans were found to underutilize ublic outpatient mental health services (Baello & Mori, 2007). It would seem that Filipino Americans, sensed as the most westernized of the Asian Americans, would be more apt to adapt to the American culture. However, they remain among the most mislabeled and culturally marginalized of the Asian Americans. Increased time of residence in the United States may not necessarily reflect an increase in the adoption of American lifestyle and culture (Sanchez & Gaw, 2007) The Philippines have a National Mental Health Policy.There is no mental health legislation and the laws that govern the provision of mental hea lth services are contained in Running Head FILIPINO MENTAL HEALTH CULTURE PAPER 5 various parts of written laws such as Penal Code, Magna Carta for Disabled Person, Family Code, and the risky Drug Act. The country spends about 5% of the total health budget on mental health and substantial portions of it are spent on the military operation and maintenance of mental hospitals. The new social insurance scheme covers mental disorders but is limited to acute inpatient care.Psychotropic medications are available in the mental health facilities (World Health Organization 2006). There are fifteen community residential (custodial home-care) facilities that treat 1. 09 users per 100,000 general populations. Mental hospitals treat approximately 9 patients per 100,000 general populations and the occupancy rate is 92%. The majority of patients admitted have a diagnosis of schizophrenia. All forensic beds (400) are at the national Center for mental health.Involuntary admissions and the use of r estraints or seclusion are common (World Health Organization 2006). Guidelines For Treatment A culturally sensitive approach is recommended when considering treatment of Filipinos and Filipino Americans. These guidelines include wages attention to immigration history and regional orientation, determine the underlying reason for treatment, ensure adequate understanding of the diagnosis and treatment plan, bearing in melodic theme that social inhibitions and nonverbal cues can mislead the practioner, use visual cues and communicate in a ollaborative manner, facilitate dialogue, inquiring about physical as well as mental health complaints, utilize the family and identify the patients power hierarchy, allow the patient time to process any information given, respect personal space, note mannerisms without making assumptions about Running Head FILIPINO MENTAL HEALTH CULTURE PAPER 6 their meaning, do not be misled by the presenting affect maintain judicious use of medications, and engage the patient by actively focusing on the individuals symptoms (Sanchez & Gaw, 2007) ConclusionAccess to mental health facilities is uneven across the country, favoring those living in or near the National Capital Region. The national mental health policy was put into operation relatively recently. Community care for patients is present, but is limited. The poor involvement of primary health care services in mental health is also a lark shared with many low and lower middle resource countries. Psychiatrists should not hesitate to assume a medical role.Increased priority to resources and a strategically twin(a) network of social services that recognizes specific sociopolitical, economic, and cultural needs have to be in place when delivering mental health services to Filipinos and Filipino Americans. It is elevated to have such services within existing medical institutions and staffed by culturally sensitive medical, psychiatric, and social service personnel. Psychiatrists need to embrace culture as a powerful factor in understanding the Filipino-American experience.A culturally sensitive and imaginative approach to the individual should be undertaken. Running Head FILIPINO MENTAL HEALTH CULTURE PAPER 7 References Baello, J. , & Mori, L. (2007). Asian values, adherence and psychological help-seeking attitudes of filipino-americans. Journal of Multicultural, Gender and Minority Studies, 1(1), Retrieved from http//www. scientificjournals. org/journals2007/articles/1261. pdf (Baello & Mori, 2007) Conde, B. (2004). Philippines mental health country profile.International Review of Psychiatry, 16(1-2), 159-166. Retrieved from http//www. hawaii. edu/hivandaids/Philippines_Mental_Health_Country_Profile. pdf Leininger, M. , & McFarland, M. (2006). Cultural care diversity & universality A worldwide nursing theory (2nd ed. ). Sudbury, MA Jones & Bartlett (Leininger & McFarland 2006) Sanchez, F. , & Gaw, A. (2007). Mental health care of filipino americans. Psychiatric S ervices, 58(6), inside 10. 1176/appi. ps. 58. 6. 810 United States Census Bureau. (2002). The Asian Population 2000.Retrieved from website http//www. census. gov/prod/2002pubs/c2kbr01-16. pdf Varcarolis, E. M. , & Halter, M. J. (2010). Foundations of psychiatric mental health nursing, a clinical approach. (6 ed. ). St. Louis, Missouri Saunders Elsevier (Varcarolis & Halter, 2010) Department of Health, Manila, The Philippines, Department of Health, Manila, The Philippine. (2006). Who-aims report on mental health system in the philippines. Retrieved from Wold Health Organization website http//www. who. int/mental_health/evidence/philippines_who_aims_report. pdf

Crime Data Comparison Essay

This week in class we were asked to choose two metropolitan empyreans with different entropy and write a paper comparing the occurrence of the offense in the selected areas. We were asked to identify the number of occurrences reported to the police for each area, and address the following questions which area had more reported incidents? What were the evaluate of the crime for each area? Did the rates change over time in either area? What factors might rationalize the differences in the rates? The information will be presented as it appears above.New York and New Jersey are two metropolitan areas that have had a constituent of crime both high profile media grabbing attention and low profile ein truthday crime occurrences. Therefore these two metro areas can provide for very healthy demographical crime information as well as have a good base to study from due to the high crime rates in both areas. As such this paper will be comparing forcible rape crime data from both areas to chitchat what is mishap in this particular field. So with looking at the FBI.gov web site and looking for info on these two areas and the categories forcible rape it is very bring in that this is a very big crime in both areas in new jersey the total for 2011 is 1,006 rape case which the year before in 2010 was at 981 cases which is a 2.5 % increase in this crime. In New York where this crime is a lot higher in totals 2,752 which is 1.6 % less than in 2010s 2,797 cases. With this data we can see a few things happening here for integrity we can see that New York has a drop in rape cases in one year and that New Jersey has increased in this crime, and this could be due to a number of reasons.We know that the two states are almost one in the same and that many people who work in New York live in New Jersey which could mean that these cases could involve residents from both areas and so both would have possibly been reported to. We could speculate that New Jersey has a less severe p unishment than New York for rape crime and so the criminals would go to that area to commit the crime due to a less harsh punishment if caught. Another factor on this could be to release quantify of prisoners within the state that may go to metro areas and commit crimes this could be a very real factor to consider due to the likely goon of violent criminals repeating their crimes. At any rate not just one factor is the most likely reason as to why we see a drop in New York and an increase in New Jersey.The probability that it has to do with most of if not all stated factors is very real, curiously since rape is not a crime that can be predicted nor really deter able unfortunately. And with both metro areas having such high populations it is also attainable that many cases were never reported, which is why New York and New Jersey both estimate a total as well as keep records for the echt total. In New York they had an estimate of 2,972 rape case thats almost three hundred unrepor ted rapes that may have happened.So with knowing that the real rape cases reported versus the estimated total one could see that even though the statistics are going down and it may look like the crime rate in an area is going down you would still need to see the estimated totals and compare to see what could be unreported and unknown. With the info we have and the estimates on it as well it is clear that although I may appear that New York is getting a handle on its rape crime it may not be as well off as it appears and although New Jersey has had an increase in rape cases it also has lowered its estimate which could be a good sign or bad and unfortunately that is the way crime an statistics go ever changing and adapting.ReferencesUniform Crime Report. (n.d). Retrieved from http//www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2011/crime-in-the-u.s.-2011/tables/table-4

Impact of Current Information Technology on Our Lives Essay

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTMy deepest gratitude to my Ate Kristine and my p bents who support and encourage me to pursue my chosen path, to concentrate to my studies, for all their kind and inspiring comments.My special thanks go to my grandma, who have given me great moral support in my studies and to our Almighty God, who have given me spiritual support to complete this term paper.I. INTRODUCTION entropy engineering (IT) ins probably one of the almost signifi enkindlet schoolings in human history since the printing press. It has given rise to one of the most fascinating communication theory devices ever created, the Internet. It has come into our homes, our schools and our offices, tying us together in unprecedented ways. It is one of the most important developments in recent memory.In initialiseion engineering (IT) is the acquisition, processing, entrepot and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical cultivation by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and tele communications. The term in its modern sense initiative appe bed in a 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review, in which authors Leavitt and Whisler commented that the new technology does not yet have a single established name. We shall call it information technology (IT).. Some of the modern and emergingfields of Information technology are next generation sack technologies, bioinformatics, cloud computing, global information systems, mammoth scale knowledge bases, etc. A. GENERAL INFORMATIONIT is the area of managing technology and spans wide variety of areas that include figurer software, information systems, electronic computer hardware, programming actors lines however are not limited to things such as processes, , and selective information constructs. In short, anything that renders data, information or perceived knowledge in any visual format whatsoever, via any multimedia distri barelyion mechanism, is con alignred part of the IT domain. IT provides person al line of credites with four sets of snapper services to help exe clipe the business strategy business process automation, providing information, connecting with customers, and productivity tools.IT professionals bring nearly a variety of functions (IT Disciplines/Competencies) that avers from installing applications to designing complex computer net scarpers and information databases. A few of the duties that IT professionals perform may include data management, networking, engineering computer hardware, database and software design, as well as management and administration of entire systems. Information technology is starting time to spread further than the conventional personal computer and network technologies, and much into integrations of other technologies such as the use of cell phones, televisions, automobiles, and more, which is increasing the demand for such jobs.In the recent past, the Accreditation Board for Engineering and engineering and the Association for Com puting Machinery have collaborated to form accreditation and curriculum standards for degrees in Information technology as a distinct field of study as compared to information processing system Science and Information Systems today. SIGITE (Special Interest Group for IT Education) is the ACM working group for defining these standards. The Worldwide IT services r take downue totaled $763 billion in 2009. B. TECHNOLOGICAL talent AND GROWTHHilbert and Lopez identify the exponential pace of technological change (a kind of Moores law) machines application-specific capacity to compute information per capita has roughly doubled any 14 months between 1986-2007 the per capita capacity of the worlds general-purpose computers has doubled any 18 months during the same two decades the globaltelecommunication capacity per capita doubled e rattling 34 months the worlds storage capacity per capita required roughly 40 months to double (every 3 years) and per capita broadcast information has dou bled roughly every 12.3 yearsII. TRENDS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYThe wide range of information, data, and knowledge for problem solving and decision making are dealt with Information Technology. Before starting with the projects, students should be aware of authentication, and integrity features in their projects. Breaking of pass record books and hacking can be avoided using these techniques. Anyhow, the various crusades for projects are based on the emerging software technology.A. in style(p) TRENDSa. twinkling technologyTo add multiple types of external data to the given text, images, video, XML and to interact with web pages, Adobe Flash is used. It provides multimedia platform. The main purpose of this technology is to be used in advertisements and games. Both audio and video streams are supported by flash. One of the Object-oriented languages called ActionScript is the language used here by the developers. Flash player includes ActionScript Virtual Machine (AVM). The compi ler, Just-In-Time (JIT), is used for MP3-based audio and bitmap graphics. Flash CS5 is the latest version of Adobe flash which was released on April 12, 2010.b. Microsoft SilverlightMicrosoft Silverlight is developed on web framework and is similar to the functions of those in Adobe Flash. In addition, it also integrates multimedia graphics and interaction with a single runtime environment. Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) and its development tools are supported by Silverlight. The processor x86 with streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) isused by Silverlight. Also the other processors which support Silverlight include the Intel Pentium III and AMD Athlon XP. Any of the .Net Programming language is supported for Silverlight applications. The developing tools for the application can be used a out-of-the-way(prenominal)sighted with the .Net language but should be aware that they can target sole(prenominal) the Silverlight core CLR for hosting the applications and not that of the .Net Framework CLR since both differs in their own functionalities. 4GDR1 (4.0.50524.0) is the latest version of Silverlight and was released on 03 June 2010.c. Open Source softwareOpen man-made lake software is saucily emerging trend which is one of the best options for the students. The start code can be modified by the students as per the objective of project. Hence Open source is much flexible than closed version software.Open source software is mainly developed on peer to peer production by quislingism of end product, source material. Open source software can be enhanced by anyone and if you join some open source developers community, you can lead a lot of things directly from the most knowledged persons in the developers community. Even the top companies like Google who are paymasters gives lots of importance to candidates who have worked in open source projects during the interviews.d. CryptographyCryptography is the practice and study of hiding information. It also refers to confidentiality. It is often seen as a black art, which means something others dont visualize but you need to understand. Cryptography is one of the essential aspects for secure communication. There are many aspects of security and applications ranging from secure commerce to private communication and to entertain passwords. Cryptography is necessary for secure communication but it is not sufficient by itself.Here, the text is encrypted first i.e. the plain text is changed to inarticulate garbage. The end drug user does the reverse process i.e. decryption, where the original textis retrieved. There are a lot of algorithms in this area which is used in real time for data protection in sectors like banks, Research, Password Protection and so on.e. NanotechnologyNanotechnology is the study of controlling properties of an atom and molecules. As the name indicates, it deals with the study of structures sized between 1 and 100 nanometer. It is said that, nanotechnology has a tendency t o create new materials and devices which can be used in future in a wide range of fields such as medicine, energy production, electronics and bio materials. As they are very small in size, nano structures have a tendency to change its state for slip of energy. The two main approaches used in nanotechnology are Bottom-up and Top-down. In bottom-up approach, materials and devices are built from molecular, a component which later assemble themselves chemically and follows the principles of molecular recognition. In top-down approach, nano-objects are constructed from larger entities without any atomic level control. Biotechnology is the best example to show the use of nanotechnology in various fields.The upcoming trends mainly focus on security and hacking. Mobile application for iPhone and Android are great areas to explore with good revenue opportunities as well. If you wish to stand out from others, instead of sack for some courses, try to contribute for an open source project.B. BUSINESS TRENDSJust a few decades ago, businesses had little in the way of office machinery except typewriters. Fax machines were new only Xerox made copiers, and the computer was a monster that took up an entire room. These behemoths were housed almost all on college campuses or in g everywherenment laboratories. With the development of the personal computer, the situation changed it was so quick it sometimes seems like it was overnight. At first, businesses were happy to use computers because their word processing programs made typing projects much easier. still using a computer like a high-powered typewriterdefeats the purpose of having the machine in the first direct. Companies soon discovered that their PCs could do a great deal more. Companies began to network offices together so that they could share files and work on the same projects from distant locations. They connected to the Internet and put out advertisements to draw new customers.And perhaps one of the most signi ficant business developments to come with IT is the creation of the electronic marketplace. Companies that sell their products over the Internet greatly increase the number of potential consumers who see their offerings. Even if the lodge is not actively selling goods, a website is a tremendously accommodating tool. A well-designed, easy to navigate site can stimulate interest so that a potential customer calls or writes for further information. Other business applications of IT include data mining, knowledge management, and modeling and simulation. (Kalil, PG). This last is particularly interesting, as it allows companies to build prototypes in the computer.These prototypes perform exactly the same way a multidimensional model would, and yet are far less expensive than building the real thing. This way, if the prototype doesnt work, in that respect isnt the strain on the companys resources at that place would be if a real model (car, plane, truck, train) had been built. If it does work, it can be put into production quickly.C. FUTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRENDSTheres no denying that we are in a worldwide downturn. Government are in debt jobs are being cut houses are being repossessed and people because it. However, there is a way to plan for the declining eminent and that is through IT guidance. If you are like most people, the last thing on your opinion is paying for tuition, especially in a specialty as baffling as information technology. However, IT education may be your label out of the slump and into a fulfilling and stable career.For most of us, our prospect is not set in pelt, especially with the downturn. There is no concrete way of aware that you will forever be in the site, or even with the visitors you are with now. However, IT guidance can organize for a potential in information technology at any sector. Thediligence ineluctably IT technicians whether you work in television, marketing, communication, client check, etc. IT technology can op en doors to more than just your own effective Future Information Technology Trends environment. You can transfer these skills and concern them to other sectors and industries as well. This will make the leap to another career in the upcoming much fewer overwhelming, if that time ever comes.Technology and Telecommunication While many people are trailing their jobs in marketing, buyer ceremony, factual estate and construction, more and more people are finding of fact their mission via telecommunication. This is because, epoch the nation is gradually lessening, the nation is blossoming. Websites are in stable penury to IT help including webmasters, graphic designers and programmers. This Future Information Technology Trends trend will prolong as the internet is one of the best customs to join to the world and will only maintain to grow in the future. technical trends in the future According to the Bureau of Labour Statistics, the technology world will maintain to upsurge with jobs i n IT increasing by 16% in the next ten existence. This is sooner than most other industries in the United States due to the many technological advances within many industries.IT Training for all Industries even if you never want to dine in a career as an IT technician, information technology exercise can help prepare you for advancement in your own sector. Information technology exists everywhere and this is why its important to advantage the skills desirable to understand the information technological phase of your sector. IT is Universal another(prenominal) important touch of information technology is that, while some systems modify from troupe to troupe, and from country to country, they are all relatively the same. This means that, if you desire to do so, you can move and convey with career guidance in IT. Spend a year in Japan since the sights and running in IT on the section, or take your skills to Australia when the frost months get too cold. The possibilities Future Informat ion Technology Trends for those with information technology training not only transport from trade to industry, but they also outdo continental boundaries as well.D. EMERGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRENDSTraditionally, hotels were mostly dependant on cards and paperwork at the front desk to keep in meet with old and current customers. They were chiefly at the mercy of the wishes of vacationers to succeed, and on their own pains and force to be inclined for budding surges or long droughts of tenancy. Luckily, such inconvenience and old-fashioned methods are long since ancient, gratitude to advances in information technology. The first question in which information technology became important regarded billing. Old-fashioned paper-based book-keeping time-consuming and inefficient, and was not able briefly to tell a lodge holder what the avow of their lodge was. Luckily, advances in modern proof keeping tolerate for a lodge holder to keep pathway of what they have on hand, how much of i t they have, and how much it outlay.Accounting is complicated, but future software, especially that tailored to the sole needs of the hospitality activity, helps to permit lodge owners to make smart decisions. Services and harvest that are no longer worn can be instantly cut off to prelude money, while those who show want can be augmented in magnitude or bespoke to diminish the important tradition. near hotels are recurring with booking quarters and reservations over the telephone, but information technology has prolonged well past that. Hotels can now work with contrasting online trek companies and booking military to have Emerging Information Technology Trends their rooms booked online, with no indigence to employ classy force. This also allows a lodge to announce their open rooms and unusual deals promptly to people who would be most to grasp them, instead of killing much money denote in an unfocused mode.High worth information technology hence allows for reform arrangement a nd management of booking to tolerate a lodge to better maximize residence, and to know in proceed when large groups or prop period are approaching. This allows a lodge manager to make strategy about transient pole, good times to renovate or inflate, or other concerns, because he/she can decide the state of their hotel currently and for the next few months with only a few clicks on the laptop. The advances in information Emerging Information Technology Trends technology proffer well afar booking, however. The internet isnecessary for vacationers who watch to associate those back home, and for those nomadic on topic to get in feel with the bureau. Therefore, wireless internet has become a very ordinary and very helpful tune for hotels to supply.Many interest minded persons even entail that an hotel tender internet army so that they can keep running while on the street. Luckily, such army are easy to supply, as all that is required is a wireless router and diverse plans to guarantee t he whole hotel is filled with the practice. in advance(p) advances in wireless internet also permit for the wireless internet provided for hotel visitors to be used to group the hotel itself. Security cameras, door stresses, and other policy canonic to hotel sanctuary and shelter can be Emerging Information Trends wired into the interact, so that workforce are alerted when a door is propped open, a fire scare goes off or suspicious activity occurs. Though the hotel guests are wholly unaware of it, this variety of added safety and guarantee keeps them careful, and in the occasion of a stand by they will almost surely appreciate the benefits of such system. As difficult as it is, information technology in the hospitality activity is still vent ahead.Intelligent booking systems enable hasty and helpful guest opinion, along with the ability to predict who is likely to use the hotel again and tell them via e-packages or passage letters when a good deals appear. Hotels with scope ma ss or other guest services can tender menus online, allowing for abrupt updates, high-class photos, and other demeanour to allow guests to see and order services before they even arrive. There also advances in terms of payroll and list which make information technology Emerging Information Technology Trends an effective asset for reduction money and maximizing profits. The sole quality of the hospitality trade makes it a great place for new and emerging information technology, and farther-opinion hotel owners and managers are forever looking for smart tools and software to invest in.E. HEALTHCARE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRENDSThe utilization of technology in healthcare has opened the method for improvements in a limit of areas. One of the advantages and payback of fitness tending technology is the additional people are extant diseases like feeling and blight disease due to the fitness to identify them earlier than formerly skilled. With this ability comes the subsidy of being able t o use a method that may be fewer extreme than one beloved as the disease grows. With a disease like Tuberculosis, as it metastasizes, the talent to repugn it and eliminate it gets harder and harder.Although, one more use of technology in healthcare has brought us newest drugs that can aim more precisely the particular scourge cells along with being more embattled in other areas. It has also brought us latest radiation Healthcare Information Technology Trends tools that can be far extra accurate and not have to use the shotgun manage to dig up to the tumor. The ray could even be bent about let out body parts like glands and arteries so as not to injure them when focusing in that territory.One interesting and futuristic loan is the utilization of zombies. You can now have a preset prostatectomy with an outcome that may be to the profit of the enduring. With the use of a robot in surgical procedure there is a slighter Healthcare Information Technology Trends opening and large incisi ons which is fewer torment for the tolerant, there is a smaller quantity of blood failure, an exclusive risk of exposure of rigid cuts about delicate nerves and tendons which may allow the unwearied a pompous choice of not having poorer effects from the surgical procedure, and typically a shorter drape about in the hospice and a shorter recovery time. The accuracy of the robot is far more rigid than a surgeon using his/her hands lonesome. Robots are also programmed in such way that they can grip complicated situations.Another zone where robots are worn is in mandatory middle surgery. over again the accuracy and precision of the tools show the way to a bigger unplanned of a quicker recovery time and minus anguish to the patient. The finer incisions and the accident of less blood harm are one advantage to using robots in a middle surgery. The dab Vinci Healthcare Information Technology Trends robot worn in the heart and growth surgeries and has the opportunity to beworn in a range of areas where precision and accuracy are vital.III. EDUCATIONAlthough computers are now common in the classroom that has not been the most significant step in their use as educational tools. I believe that quality has to go to distance education.The concept is not all that new, because the idea of remote classrooms with a teacher appearing on television has been in place for decades. But the idea of conducting an entire class over the Internet is radically different. In distance education, the students may never set foot in a classroom at all. They will interact with the teacher and with their peers via email they may participate in lectures via some sort of instant messaging service. The assignments are posted by the instructor, and the completed assignments are returned to him/her through email. Attending class by accessing the Internet does of course mean that the student cannot participate in a live convert with his peers and the instructor, so in that sense the spontaneity o f the classroom is missing. However, for students in very remote areas, or when classes are offered at one campus and not another, it is a operable solution, and it is made possible by IT.IV. PERSONAL USAGEOf course the single biggest item here is the personal computer. Having a computer at home has revolutionized animateness for millions of people around the globe. We tend to get our news from the computer we may find ourselves in a discussion with someone on the other side of the planet and we tour museums and shops in distant cities among many other uses. Many people now work from home (telecommuting) rather than physically going to the office. This saves road congestion and helps diminish pollution. Children and teens use the computer to help with their homework, and with the Internet, they have the entire world as a resource.V. CONCLUSIONThe impact of IT on edict is hard to overestimate. Many of the developments, as Ive indicated, have been positive, but there are some negat ives as well, specifically a tendency to spent more time alone, or interacting only with the computer rather than with real people. Still, for most of us, IT has made a sizeable impact, and a positive one, on our lives.VI. REFERENCEShttp//www.cisp.org/imp/april_99/04_99kalil.htmhttp//www.wikipedia.com

High blood pressure Essay

Smoking does stunt your growth which, as well as it giving high line pressure. When some nonpareil hangs around a stag party, they are actu on the wholey inhaling the smoke, which would make them a peaceful smoker. A passive smoker is worse than actually being a smoker because breathing the smoke from the air is worse than taking it in through your mouth as it would cause blockages in the nose. Smoking stooge unendingly cause headaches and colds and it can to a fault give you very bad cough, in addition known as smoker cough. The thing that makes consume so addictive is the nicotine that is inside them.They can be replaced with nicotine patches when and if decided to stop. Smoking too can affect your social life as it can cause arguments and it can also promoter sometimes it would mean you would be left alone outside smoking away while all your friends are inside as they dont smoke. Also the lose of money from smoking is fitting more and more as they are increasing the pr ices of the cigarettes as the government are tying to embarrass people to smoke, and so by you wasting your money on small cancer sticks is pointless.Smoking can also leads to drugs, because it first suffers with smoking cigarettes and then it would go further and start smoking drugs. This can completely change the individuals life around. Smoking also affects the eyesight of the individual from the conclusions that they would have to start wearing glasses. Smoking can also be the main causes of strokes, someone collapsing and some to become paralysis. asthma is the biggest problem when it comes to smoking because smoking damages the lungs and a person who has asthma would already have a bad set of lungs.And so when someone is smoking around them, it could make it even worse and exit them to have a fatal attack. All of this start of somewhere and it is usually when the individual is a stripling because they would want to just separate out it. And then they would not be able to control themselves and continue smoking for the rest of their lives. With some people smoking doesnt just happen just kindred that, they would be either forced through peer pressure or from the attitude just trying it out. fish filet smoking is not easy because it takes a lot of will power and determination because it can be extremely difficult, but the government provides a lot of help because they want the nation to become healthier. That is also another reason for the cigarettes being brought up in prices because they want to try to get people of them. on that point are products out there that can be brought to help you give up smoking like nicotine patches as well as little sticks that you can inhale which would make believe you that your smoking as it gives you the same feeling but you would not be inhaling any smoke which is safer for you and the people around.With some individuals, they try to stop completely all a sudden but it is them type of people that would either wel l-nigh likely go back and start smoking again, or not touch another one for the rest of your life, but for people who find it hard to stop smoking, there is help provided by the NHS and also on the internet as they would be happy to give advice.

Amanda Wingfield in “The Glass Menagerie” Essay

The Character of Amanda Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie supplies an congressman of a complex soul whose communication and actions convey a slightly irritating and lonesome mother. snap IV of The Glass Menagerie, demonstrates these unique characteristics of Amanda. The scene takes place at about seven am the sidereal day after Tom and Amanda get into a major argument. From this scene we gouge reveal that Amandas plainly an overstressed and psychotic single care taker with insufficient mothering skills.Amandas stubbornness and complexities always displeases her son Tom (the narrator of the play). Although Amanda is hysterically stuck in her past, she is a woman of great liveliness. Amandas past experience with her husband has make her bitter, and that bitterness is what motivates her to make her children become something. Her foolishness, stubbornness and selfishness makes her cruel to her children without the intention. Amanda, Tom, and Laura all fantasize and have their own individual ways of escaping from their realities. In this case, Amanda escapes reality by fantasizing about the gentleman callers she had in the past, however she denies the fact. She doesnt lose her childrens fantasizing, which makes her blindly hypocritical.Amanda loves her Children dearly and she deficiencys them to be happy and have good fortune. Tennessee Williams illustrates Amandas attitude in scene IV, while shes talking to Tom after he apologizes to her. She takes the blame so she can pamper him into finding Laura a gentleman caller. This makes Amanda seem very selfish because she uses Tom for her own desires. Amanda, expects Laura to fit the dreams Amanda once had for herself which rushes Laura into doing things shes not prepared to do. Amanda has hope in her crippled, (that she refuses to admit) and shy daughter whom isnt subject of fulfilling Amandas dream.Amanda goes on to pasteurizing Tom about finding someone for Laura, yet small things like this irritate Tom and make him want to leave and never come back. This small scene gives the reader an estimate of Amanda and how shecontributes to the play. Her attitude and her values shape the other characters as well. In retrospect it is understood that one of the principal(prenominal) reasons Tom left in the end of the play was because of his mothers selfishness, her constant nagging, and the many desires Amanda had for her children that Tom didnt want to put up with.

Warcraft III: Dota

What is Dota? Dota or Protection of the historical is a personalized scenario for the true-time strategy painting video game Warcraft III Reign of Chaos and its growth, Warcraft III The Frozen Throne, dependent on the aeon of Strife map for StarCraft. The objective of the scenario is for each crew to ruin the opponents Ancients, heavily guarded structures at argue corners of the map. Players use strong units recognized as heroes, and are assisted by allied heroes and AI-controlled fighters called creeps. As in purpose-playing games, people level up their hero and use gold to acquire tools for the duration of the mission.Does Dota rightfully have an effect on the youth nowadays? Does it support the youth right now? Or it corrupts the minds of the youth who are playing this video game? Allow us search at Dotas collateral aspects and disadvantages. Dota will help the youth who are actively playing this sport to turn into mentally inform, cooperative, and strategic. It overly increa ses their knowledge in mathematics by computing the golds, damages, magic and bodily reduction present in the gaming. In fact, Dota really helps the youth by enjoying this game. In the other hand, enjoying this game with out time conduite and antecedence can lead to irresponsibility.Beginning from their obligations, the youth spend far more time enjoying this video game more or less than doing their duties. Research had been forgotten, college students grew to become lazy, and relationships with the family members had been also impacted due to the fact of this video game. Enjoying this sport also triggers the pseudo to lose his/her temper and values. Why? It simply since of the distinct languages employed during the game or what we called Trash talks. Trash talks such as foul languages can really eliminate their temper and values. As a end result, the both sides will battle from every single

Longman Communication 3000 Essay

The Longman communicating 3000 is a list of the 3000 most buy at wrangling in both verbalize and write English, based on statistical analysis of the 390 one thousand thousand speech contained in the Longman Corpus intercommunicate a group of corpuses or databases of authentic English run-in. The Longman Communication 3000 represents the core of the English language and shows students of English which words ar the most important for them to learn and break down in order to communicate effectively in both speech and writing. Analysis of the Longman Corpus Network shows that these 3000 most support words in spoken and written English account for 86% of the language. This performer that by knowing this list of words, a learner of English is in a position to transform 86% or more of what he or she reads.Of course, knowing a word involves more than scarce being able to recognise it and know a main meaning of it. Many of the most common words have a range of different meanin gs, a variety of different grammatical patterns, and many signifi crumbt collocations. Nonetheless, a basic understanding of the Longman Communication 3000 is a very powerful tool and give help students develop good comprehension and communication skills in English. This frequency information is gold dust for the language learner. LDOCE shows in graphic and immediate form which words are really worth learning and knowing how to use.Jeremy Harmer, ELT authorThese frequency markers added to the headwords in the dictionary give users access to a wealth of information that can help the selection of the appropriate word or phrase in a variety of situations. not only are the words and meanings given descriptive labels, for example formal or informal, AmE (American English) or BrE (British English), humorous, old-fashioned, just now they have the added information about relative frequency in spoken and written language. hire for example the verb book (in the meaning of book a table at a restaurant). It is marked as S2 one of the top 2000 words of spoken English. Note that is has no marker for written English because jibe to corpus analysis, it is not part of the top 3000 most frequent words in written English.However, the insertion also indicates that a synonym for book is reserve which is in the top 3000 most frequent words in written English. The conclusion to be drawn from this is that in speaking (for instance when phoning a hotel or restaurant), book is the most appropriate verb to use when asking for a room or table to be kept for you. In writing, however, it would be more appropriate to use reserve. There are two distinguishable modes of English thoughtful, accurate and more formal, reflected mostly by written English and spontaneous, real-time, less formal language, typified by spontaneous speech and some informal writing.Professor Geoffrey Leech, Emeritus Professor of English Language and linguistics University of LancasterTo ensure that users have access to the appropriate information, the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English marks all the words that are in the Longman Communication 3000 in red accompanied by special symbols W1 , W2 , and W3 for words that are in the top 1000, 2000 and 3000 most frequent words in written English, and S1 , S2 and S3 for the top 1000, 2000 and 3000 most frequent words in spoken English. Nowadays, many learners dictionaries include information about the most frequent words in English, but Longman dictionaries are the only ones to highlight the differences between spoken and written frequency.Learning a language can be exciting, but also sometimes difficult and baffle because there are so many things to learn and it is difficult to know what to focus on. The frequency markers that find out the Longman Communication 3000 help students see clearly which words are frequent in written and spoken English, and enable them to focus more attention on mastering the meanings, grammatical patterns and collocations of these words.

Henkel

Bob Simmons strategical Transformation discipline Summary Henkel was a German manufacturer of laundry merchandises. Went public in 1985. In 2008 it was 14 Billion pounds in 125 countries. Majority in EMEA. Most of exe team were German. Organized into lead major business units Adhesive Technologies 48%(glue stick), Laundry and Home Cargon 30%, Cosmetics/Toiletries 22%. pains leader in adhesives. Rorsted took over as CEO in 2008. Henkel was reporting comfortable growth and internet with 8% growth.Second half of 2008 world(a) financial crisis and economic slowdown had negative effect on Henkels key markets. Shrinking demand and rising costs caused business untis to f whole in second half of 2008. Rosted vowed to transform Henkel into a leaner, much effect driven company. staying where we are is no longer an option. We either come to up or move down we either shape relevant or we will be made irrelevant. This case illustrates the transformation of a CEO-led organization drive n stretch goals, performance measurement and accountability.Kasper Rorsted become CEO of Henkel, the German personal care, laundry, and adhesive products manufacturer, in 2008, he was determined to transform the good affluent corporate husbandry focused on to win in the fierce competition in the market. In history, Henkel is a comfortable, stable workplace. many another(prenominal) employees have never received a negative performance feedback. To bowl over a generally compla centime attitude, Rorsted implementation of a multi-step change initiatives, aimed at establishing a winning culture. First, in November 2008, in 2012 he announced a series of ambitious financial goals. With the financial crisis to disrupt the global economy, he reiterated his load to these goals, sent a clear signal, Henkel employees and external stakeholders an excuse is no longer acceptable. Rorsted duties assemble a parvenu set of five values replace the previous 10 values, these employees can tell apart the first base memory an emphasis on the customer. He alike set up a new, silklike performance management system for evaluating management performance and progress of a four-point scale of potential.The system also includes a forced be requirements, requiring a defined percentage of the various business units and company-wide cater was named the top, strong, medium, or low performance. These ratings significantly impact managements bonus hire. In this case, where it is needed at the finis of 2011, when Henkel is a good way to achieve its 2012 target. Shed nearly half of the senior management team, as the site of many products and brands, Henkel seems to be a leaner, more(prenominal) rivalrous, win the organization. Hide This case illustrates a CEO-led organisational transformation driven by stretch goals, performance measurement, and accountability. When Kasper Rorsted became CEO of Henkel, a Germany-based producer of personal care, laundry, and adhesives products, in 2008, he was determined to transform a corporate culture of good enough into one singularly focused on winning in a competitive marketplace. Historically, Henkel was a comfortable, stable place to work. Many employees never received negative performance feedback.Seeking to overturn a pervasive attitude of complacency, Rorsted implemented a multi-step change initiative aimed at building a winning culture. First, in November 2008, he announced a set of ambitious financial targets for 2012. As financial turmoil roiled the global economy, he reaffirmed his commitment to these targets, sending a clear signal to Henkel employees and external stakeholders that excuses were no longer acceptable. Rorsted next introduced a new set of five company values-replacing the previous advert of 10 values, which few employees could recite by memory-the first of which emphasized a focus on customers.He also instituted a new, simplified performance management system, which rated managers performance a nd advancement potential on a four-point scale. The system also include a forced ranking requirement, mandating that a defined percentage of employees (in each business unit and company-wide) be ranked as top, strong, moderate, or low performers. These ratings significantly impacted managers bonus compensation. In late 2011-the time in which the case takes place-Henkel is easily on its way to achieving its 2012 targets.Having shed nearly half its top management team, along with numerous product sites and brands, Henkel appears to be a leaner, more competitive, winning organization. High quality global journalism requires investment. Please pct this article with others using the link below, do not cut & paste the article. See our Ts&Cs and right of first publication Policy for more detail. Email ftsales. emailprotected com to buy additional rights. http//www. ft. com/cms/s/0/6a85b182-1128-11e2-a637-00144feabdc0. htmlixzz2ODYNf8Gg The story.In 2008, Henkel, the German mathematical group with well-known brands ranging from Persil to Loctite, had reported comfortable growth and earnings. solely its new chief executive, Kasper Rorsted, a Dane who had made his life history in big IT companies, thought the 132-year-old, family-controlled company needed to shake off some of its complacency if it was to apology its success. * * * * More On this story * Case Study How a publisher exploited a bestseller * Case Study How an outsider institutes change * Case Study If P&Cs improved staff performance Case Study Microsoft Lyncs bottom-up restructure * Case Study How to build a low-cost brand The challenge. Henkel faced several serious issues. For instance, while reporting solid sales, it was less paying than its industry peers by a margin of up to 10 percentage points. But the majority of employees did not see any need for change. In fact, one analyst commented that it was characte fig upd by complacency and lack of competitive spirit. Mr Rorsted determined to change t he way the company was run and to create a winning culture.The strategy. Mr Rorsted and his new, young team set about introducing changes that would include both tangible financial and performance targets, and an overstep? of? company? culture. ? Ambitious targets. In November 2008, Henkel announced challenging targets for 2012 that would improve performance but would also percolate the organisation by creating a sense of urgency. Targets included an increase in pre-tax profit margins to 14 per cent in earnings per share and in sales, to above the market average.In addition, the share of sales in rising countries would be required to rise from 33 per cent to 45 per cent by 2012. ? Efficiency and focus. With more than 1,000 brands, at least 200 production sites globally, and three separate business units, Henkel was ripe for proposed efficiency measures. These included cutting the number of brands in order to put more marketing resources behind its strongest labels consolidating m anufacturing sites and shifting tasks to divided up service centres. ? New plenty and values.Henkel had a vision statement and a set of company values. But they were neither well-known nor relevant to either day-to-day decision-making or evaluation of employee performance. In 2010, Henkel replaced the original list of 10 values with five new ones such as We put our customers at the centre of what we do. To cook sure these were communicated to the 48,000 employees, more than 5,000 workshops were held in which managers and teams discussed how the new values could apply to their work and how they could build a more positive company culture. Performance management. Henkel introduced a process to evaluate consistently the performance and potential of all management-level employees. They would be ranked on relative performance, which significantly affected managers bonuses. Each individual is reviewed in increase roundtables, interactive meetings where managers review and evaluate th eir direct reports across teams to create a broader perspective on their achievements, maturement needs and promotability. What happened.For fiscal 2012, Henkels global sales are forecast to exceed 16bn ($20bn), a rise of more than 2bn since 2008, and reach its profit margin target of 14 per cent. Emerging markets now represent 43 per cent of global sales, and more than 50 per cent of employees work in those territories. The number of brands is less than four hundred and manufacturing sites have been consolidated by around 25 per cent. Key lessons. To boost performance across a company, communicate a clear strategy that is backed up by setting ambitious targets.Simplify your vision and values, and take time to communicate them to all employees to ensure they provide practical guidance, especially when tough decisions may be needed. To focus everyone on successful execution, use performance management systems that link the evaluation and compensation of key employees to achievement of the new strategy Write down in a sentence or two your definition of a winning culture. What are the things that you like about Rorsteds approach? What are the risks? Assuming that the 2012 EBIT margin goal is achieved, how should Rorsted